Friday November 18 Cattle on Feed + Ag News

 NEBRASKA CATTLE ON FEED UP 2%

Nebraska feedlots, with capacities of 1,000 or more head, contained 2.60 million cattle on feed on November 1, according to the USDA’s National Agricultural Statistics Service. This inventory was up 2% from last year. Placements during October totaled 590,000 head, down 6% from 2021. Fed cattle marketings for the month of October totaled 450,000 head, up 3% from last year. Other disappearance during October totaled 10,000 head, unchanged from last year.


IOWA CATTLE ON FEED REPORT

Cattle and calves on feed for the slaughter market in Iowa feedlots with a capacity of 1,000 or more head totaled 620,000 head on November 1, 2022, according to the latest USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service -- Cattle on Feed report. This was up 3 percent from October and up 2 percent from November 1, 2021. Iowa feedlots with a capacity of less than 1,000 head had 485,000 head on feed, up 4 percent from last month but down 7 percent from last year. Cattle and calves on feed for the slaughter market in all Iowa feedlots totaled 1,105,000 head, up 4 percent from last month but down 2 percent from last year.

Placements of cattle and calves in Iowa feedlots with a capacity of 1,000 or more head during October 2022 totaled 103,000 head, up 21 percent from September but down 10 percent from October 2021. Feedlots with a capacity of less than 1,000 head placed 67,000 head, up 52 percent from September but down 13 percent from October 2021. Placements for all feedlots in Iowa totaled 170,000 head, up 32 percent from September but down 11 percent from October 2021.

Marketings of fed cattle from Iowa feedlots with a capacity of 1,000 or more head during October 2022 totaled 81,000 head, up 11 percent from September but down 21 percent from October 2021. Feedlots with a capacity of less than 1,000 head marketed 45,000 head, down 21 percent from September but unchanged from October 2021. Marketings for all feedlots in Iowa were 126,000 head, down 3 percent from September and down 15 percent from October 2021. Other disappearance from all feedlots in Iowa totaled 4,000 head.



United States Cattle on Feed Down 2 Percent

Cattle and calves on feed for the slaughter market in the United States for feedlots with capacity of 1,000 or more head totaled 11.7 million head on November 1, 2022. The inventory was 2 percent below November 1, 2021.

On Feed, by State (1,000 hd  -  % Nov 1 '21)
Colorado ......:               1,070           93             
Iowa .............:                 620          102            
Kansas ..........:               2,340           93           
Nebraska ......:               2,600          102             
Texas ............:               2,860          100          

Placements in feedlots during October totaled 2.11 million head, 6 percent  below 2021. Placements were the lowest for October since the series began in 1996. Net placements were 2.05 million head. During October, placements of cattle and calves weighing less than 600 pounds were 545,000 head, 600-699 pounds were 465,000 head, 700-799 pounds were 450,000 head, 800-899 pounds were 378,000 head, 900-999 pounds were 190,000 head, and 1,000 pounds and greater were 80,000 head.

Placements         (1,000 hd  -  % Oct '21)
Colorado ......:             175            95       
Iowa .............:            103            90      
Kansas ..........:            420            97         
Nebraska ......:            590            94        
Texas ............:            440            86      

Marketings of fed cattle during October totaled 1.80 million head, 1 percent above 2021. Other disappearance totaled 54,000 head during October, 5 percent below 2021.

Marketings              (1,000 hd  -  % Oct '21)
Colorado ......:                  170           106          
Iowa .............:                  81            79             
Kansas ..........:                 430            97               
Nebraska ......:                  450           103           
Texas ............:                 390           104          



Farm and Ranch Transition and Estate Planning Workshop

Nebraska Extension has scheduled a workshop in Pender on estate and transition planning for farmers and ranchers. It will be held from 6 to 9 p.m. on Nov. 22 at the Pender Fire Hall, 314 Maple St.

It will be presented by Allan Vyhnalek, an extension educator for farm and ranch transition and succession, and Brandon Dirkschneider, a Certified Financial Planner and farm succession coordinator with Insurance Design Management in Omaha. They will offer tools and strategies to effectively plan, start and complete estate plans, offer background on common mistakes during the process and highlight essential considerations for creating and carrying out estate and succession plans.

“The common mistake is that most know that they need an estate plan, but never get around to putting a plan into a legal document,” Vyhnalek said. “Over several years, at the end of the workshop, the most common comment is that the participants wished that they had started learning the steps to start and complete a plan sooner.”

A light meal will be provided, courtesy of CharterWest Bank in Pender and Frontier Bank in Pender.

The workshop is free to attend, but registration is required by calling Nebraska Extension in Thurston County at 402-385-6041 by noon on Nov. 21.

More information about Nebraska Extension’s resources related to estate planning and succession planning for farmers and ranchers is available on the University of Nebraska-Lincoln’s Center for Agricultural Profitability’s website, https://cap.unl.edu/succession.



Confronting Cropping Challenges Program to be Offered in November and December 2022

Producers in northeast Nebraska will have an opportunity to learn from cropping issues that impacted the area during the 2022 growing season.

The Confronting Cropping Challenges program will help producers make decisions for the 2023 growing season and they can renew their private pesticide applicator license. This is the sixth year for the Confronting Cropping Challenges program, and responses from previous years have been very positive.

This year, the program will be offered in five locations across northeast Nebraska in December. The program will begin at 1 p.m. and conclude at 4 p.m.

Dates
    Tuesday, Nov. 29 — Lyons Community Center, Lyons
    Tuesday, Dec. 6 — Community Center, Bloomfield
    Thursday, Dec. 8 — Valley County Ag Complex, Ord
    Tuesday, Dec. 13 — County Fair Grounds Commercial Building, Madison
    Wednesday, Dec. 14 — Butler County Event Center, David City

Program Topics
    Corn tar spot
    Drift management/boom sprayer calibration
    Drought (herbicide carryover, nutrient carryover, irrigation considerations)

In addition to cropping info, the topics will cover important areas for pesticide applicators such as IPM, reading a label, resistance management and minimizing environmental concerns.  

You can join us for just the first three informational sessions or if you need to renew your private pesticide applicator license in 2023, please attend the whole program. Even though this training is being offered in 2022, you will not lose a year of certification on your license.

Please note that this training will only offer recertification of private pesticide licenses — those needing initial training will need to attend one of the other training courses offered in early 2023.

The cost for the program is $10 if you are only attending the first three sessions. If you are being recertified for your private pesticide applicators license, the cost will be $60. The additional $50 is the same as you would pay to be recertified at a traditional private pesticide applicator training. 

Pre-registration online https://go.unl.edu/2022_ccc is appreciated but not required.

For more information, contact your local Nebraska Extension office.



ABC Overview and Whole Farm Features

Ag Budget Calculator Training
Date: Nov. 30, 2022 Time: 1:00 pm
Online (via Zoom)
Contact: Glennis McClure, gmcclure3@unl.edu

Part 1: Join us to learn more about –
-Using the ABC program to create and/or update crop budgets for your farms or fields (owned and/or rented ground)
-What’s included in the projected cost of production and anticipated return reports generated by ABC (cash and economic costs and returns)

Part 2: Combining your enterprise budgets and using the Whole Farm component of the ABC Program. What will this help me do?
-Figure an overall cost of production on similar crop enterprises
-Reconciling operation expenses to account for farm totals
-Allocate overhead expenses to enterprises
-Create a cash flow from your combined enterprise budgets
-More about ABC program features, including breakeven, crop comparison, and risk analysis, and how can use program features in decision making.

Plan for 1.5 hours to cover both parts of the virtual training program

https://cap.unl.edu/abc/training



Solar Electric for Farms, Homes, and Businesses

This workshop is from homeowners, farmers, and business owners who are interested in exploring solar PV systems. The workshop will review the function, feasibility, and economic return of solar electric systems for farms, homes, and businesses.  Each solar installation is unique, and individuals have their own reasons for exploring solar installations.  Included in these workshops will be information to help you decide if solar is right for you, such as how systems work, safety, the value of electricity, value of incentives, and how to evaluate quotes from installers. The workshop speaker will be Nebraska Extension Educator, F. John Hay, who has 10 years’ experience doing solar economic analysis and installed solar at his home in 2017.

These workshops are supported by Lincoln Electric Systems, Nebraska Public Power District, and Omaha Public Power District.  Workshops will be held in:
Lincoln (Dec 1st)
Tekamah (Dec 5th)
Auburn (Dec 6th)
Chadron (Dec 7th)
Ogallala (Dec 8th)
Concord (Dec 13th)
Central City (Dec 15th)

Select which location you will attend when registering.... https://web.cvent.com/event/68c2255b-2abe-4f09-ba97-7bf0b963ba71/summary.  



Farmers and Ranchers College Returns Dec. 8

The Farmers and Ranchers College will continue to provide high-quality programming to area producers and agribusiness professionals with 2022-23 programming. 

The Farmers and Ranchers College was formed in January 2000 with the purpose of providing high quality, dynamic, up-to-date educational workshops for area agricultural producers in south-central Nebraska through a collaborative effort between business, industry, and higher education leaders. Furthermore, the Farmers and Ranchers College will provide the tools necessary so that agricultural producers will be able to respond positively to these changes using a profitable decision-making process. 

Farmers and Ranchers College — Dec. 8
The 2022-23 Farmers and Ranchers College will be Thursday, Dec. 8. Registration will start at 12:45 p.m. and the program will start at 1 p.m. at the Opera House in Bruning, Nebraska. The program is titled, “Agriculture Today: New Era of Prosperity or Temporary Opportunity?” featuring Dr. David Kohl. Don’t miss out on this engaging session that applies the big picture variables to your business, family and personal life. 

ABC Workshop — Dec. 15
In collaboration with the Farmers and Ranchers College, the University of Nebraska Lincoln’s Center for Agricultural Profitability has scheduled a hands-on workshop for Thursday, Dec. 15, 2022, in Geneva. This workshop is for ag producers, farm managers, bankers and anyone interested in learning more about utilizing the free online Agricultural Budget Calculator (ABC) for enterprise budgeting. The workshop will run from 1-3 p.m. at the Fillmore County Fairgrounds, 641 N Fifth St., Geneva, Nebraska.

Cow/Calf College — Jan. 19
In 2023, the Partners in Progress – Beef Seminar (Cow/Calf College) will be 9 a.m. to 3:30 p.m. Thursday, Jan. 19, 2023, at the Clay County Fairgrounds in Clay Center. The program will feature eastern red cedar control, pasture leases, stocking rates/AUM and more. Details will follow as the date nears. 

Contributions and support of area businesses allow participants to attend at no cost; however, for programs with meals, it is requested that people RSVP at least a week in advance for an accurate meal count by calling Fillmore County Extension at (402) 759-3712.

The Farmers and Ranchers College committee consists of Fred Bruning of Bruning, Bryan Dohrman of Grafton, Sarah Miller of Carleton, Jennifer Engle of Fairmont, Jim Donovan of Geneva, Bryce Kassik of Geneva, Whitney Lovegrove of Geneva, Lindsay Waetcher-Mead of Blue Hill and Brandy VanDeWalle of Ohiowa.

Questions on the Farmers and Ranchers College can be directed to the Fillmore County Extension Office at (402) 759-3712. To participate and register, visit the website https://extension.unl.edu/statewide/fillmore/farmers-ranchers-college/.



Fighting Winter Blues

Nebraska Extension’s Women in Agriculture program will host “Fighting Winter Blues,” a virtual course offering strategies to work through symptoms of seasonal depression and anxiety, at 7:30 p.m. Central time on Nov. 30.

It will be facilitated by Ashley Machado, a mental health consultant who works primarily with agricultural professionals and their families.

“With the shorter days, colder weather, and gray skies, the lack of sunshine and outdoor time in the winter can leave some feeling down,” Machado said.

The course will discuss why the winter blues come around and how to work through them. It will offer actionable tools for participants to bring home over the winter months.

Machado is an advocate for rethinking the ways that we support mental health in the agriculture industry and specializes in breaking down big ideas and deep feelings into simple, actionable strategies. She applies 15 years of experience to helping individuals and organizations in agriculture to develop the tools they need to maintain good mental health and operate and live fully.

Machado holds a bachelor’s degree in human development and a master’s in social work with an emphasis in clinical mental health. She grew up in the dairy industry and now lives in California with her husband, a rancher and almond farmer.

The free workshop will be held via Zoom. Registration can be completed on the Nebraska Women in Agriculture website, https://wia.unl.edu.



Beef Quality Assurance and Transportation Certification Sessions Set in Southwest Iowa

Producers and haulers who need to renew or obtain their certification in Beef Quality Assurance or Beef Quality Assurance Transportation can preregister now for in-person trainings for both programs to be held in southwest Iowa.

Offered by the Iowa Beef Center, Iowa State University Extension and Outreach, and the Iowa Beef Industry Council, the sessions are set for Nov. 29 in Oakland and Dec. 6 in Clarinda. ISU Extension and Outreach beef specialist Erika Lundy-Woolfolk is organizing the sessions and said both are provided at no cost.

"BQA certification in necessary for anyone who markets fed cattle to major packers, and BQAT certification is necessary for custom haulers or producers delivering fed cattle to certain packing plants," Lundy-Woolfolk said. "For cattlemen who market fed cattle and deliver their own cattle to the packing plant, both BQA and BQAT certifications may be necessary, depending on the packer."

The Nov. 29 location is at the Oakland Community Center, 614 Drive, Van Zee Road. The BQA session will be held from 1-2:30 p.m. and the BQAT session from 2:30-4 p.m. Attendees are encouraged to preregister by calling the ISU Extension and Outreach East Pottawattamie County office at 712-482-6449 or emailing ellundy@iastate.edu.

The Dec. 6 location is at the Wibholm Hall, 200 S. 6th St., Clarinda. The BQA session will be held from 6-7:30 p.m. and the BQAT session from 7:45-9:15 p.m. Attendees are encouraged to preregister by calling the ISU Extension and Outreach Page County office at 712-542-5171 or emailing xpage@iastate.edu. A free meal will be served at 7:30 p.m. thanks to sponsorship from Page County Cattlemen.

"At both locations, participants are welcome to attend either the regular BQA or BQA Transportation session, or both sessions, depending on their needs," Lundy-Woolfolk said. "For those unable to attend a training in person, BQA and BQAT are available online at www.bqa.org."



Amidst extreme drought and record high input costs, Iowa farmers report record corn and soybean yields in 2021

The 2022 Iowa Agricultural Statistics, a comprehensive overview by Iowa’s National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS) office and released by the Iowa Farm Bureau Federation (IFBF), found Iowa’s corn yield in 2021 averaged 205 bushels per acre, breaking the previous high of 203 in 2016.  Iowa’s soybean crop yielded an average of 63 bushels per acre, eclipsing the old record of 60, also set in 2016.

“Technology advancements in seed and precision agriculture have allowed farmers to increase yields, even during drought,” said Brent Johnson, IFBF President. “It also enables us to use less fertilizer which reduces inputs and water quality impacts. Iowa is a global leader in seed genetics research, and farmers continue to make big strides in both practice and management, which has helped us produce more food, fuel and fiber while using fewer resources and remaining focused on sustainability.”  

In addition to having a highly productive crop year in 2021, Iowa livestock farmers led the nation in commercial red meat production.  NASS data found that Iowa ranked first nationally in pigs raised and egg production, fourth for cattle and calves on feed and seventh for turkey production.  Iowa ranks first in corn production, and second for both soybeans and oats.  

“Iowa is home to nearly 85,000 farms with a tremendous amount of diversity among commodities raised, production practices and size,” said Johnson.  “A significant portion of Iowa farms are small scale, with 60% of Iowa farms having less than $99,999 in annual sales, and regardless of whether a farm operation is conventional or caters to a niche market, we continue to see new opportunities and productivity increase.”  

While Iowa ag production continues to rise, the analysis found that farmers are feeling the economic crunch amidst inflation and rising cost to grow a crop and raise livestock.  The NASS survey found that statewide land values set a record high average in 2021 of $9,751 per acre, contributing to rising cash rent rates.  Additionally, Iowa farmers faced a record year for farm production expenses in 2021, with per acre expenses up $1,000 from 2020.  The cost of production is expected to rise yet again for 2022, amidst rising input costs and a fertilizer crisis.  

“Perseverance and farming go hand-in-hand; from volatile markets to Mother Nature, there will always be challenges, but Iowa farmers continue to rise up to overcome obstacles and cement our status as some of the most productive farmers in the nation,” Johnson said.   

The $12 stats book can be ordered from the Marketing and Communications Division, Iowa Farm Bureau, 5400 University Avenue, West Des Moines, Iowa 50266. Checks should be made payable to the Iowa Farm Bureau.



Dry Manure Applicator Certification Workshops Offered in February 2023

Iowa State University Extension and Outreach, in cooperation with the Iowa Department of Natural Resources, will offer manure applicator certification workshops for dry/solid manure operators on six different dates and locations in February. These workshops meet manure applicator certification requirements for both confinement site manure applicators and commercial manure applicators who primarily apply dry or solid manure.

“The information in this workshop will benefit not only those needing certification, but anyone using dry or solid sources of manure as a nutrient resource,” said Dan Andersen, associate professor of agricultural and biosystems engineering and extension agriculture engineering specialist at Iowa State, and coordinator of the manure applicator certification program.

Pre-registration is required. No walk-ins are allowed. Register for one of the workshops by calling the number listed with the selected site. All workshops begin at 1 p.m.
    Feb. 8, Hamilton County, Kamrar Lions Community Building, Kamrar. Call 515-832-9597.
    Feb. 9, Wright County, ISU Extension and Outreach office, Clarion. Call 515-532-3453.
    Feb. 10, Adair County, Greenfield City Hall, Greenfield. Call 641-743-8412.
    Feb. 14, Washington County, ISU Extension and Outreach office, Washington. Call 319-653-4811.
    Feb. 15, Buena Vista County, ISU Extension and Outreach office, AEA Office, Storm Lake. Call 712-732-5056.
    Feb. 16, Sioux County, ISU Extension and Outreach office, Orange City. Call 712-737-4230.

The workshops are free to attend and open to all. Applicators will be required to submit certification forms and fees to the Iowa Department of Natural Resources to meet manure applicator certification requirements.



Beef Advocacy Program Seeks New Applicants

The Beef Checkoff-funded Trailblazers program is seeking applications for its next class of beef advocates. Trailblazers, developed by the National Cattlemen’s Beef Association (NCBA), a contractor to the Beef Checkoff, takes advocacy to the next level by giving participants the tools and training they need to promote beef to new audiences while addressing and correcting myths.

“Trailblazers develops the next generation of beef advocates through a highly engaging and interactive program,” said Chandler Mulvaney, director of grassroots advocacy & spokesperson development at NCBA. “Our goal is to empower the beef community to share their stories, which ultimately helps safeguard the work of cattle farmers and ranchers across the country.”

Trailblazers is looking for new spokespeople to participate in a year-long hands-on program designed to train, equip and empower beef advocates. Selected candidates receive training to become expert communicators, excel in media interviews and understand how to build confidence in beef related practices when talking to consumers.

Each year, 10 new Trailblazers are selected to create a tight-knit community that works together to find solutions to social and practical issues impacting the beef community. Throughout the year, Trailblazers receive advanced in-person and virtual training from subject matter experts, learning how to effectively engage on various social media platforms, interact with the media, and enhance public speaking skills. Upon completion of the program, Trailblazers serve as industry spokespeople and inform beef advocates at the local and state levels on advocacy, media and spokesperson best practices.

"The Trailblazers program increased my confidence to share the truth about beef in my own unique way while providing the resources, experiences and network to do so,” said Trailblazer Shaye Koester of North Dakota. “This professional, yet fun program is like no other."

Applications will be accepted through December 30 and selected participants will be notified mid-January. Applicants must be 21 years of age, have completed their Masters of Beef Advocacy certification, and provide at least two references with their online application. To apply, visit the website and for more information, contact Chandler Mulvaney at cmulvaney@beef.org.



NMPF Calls on Lawmakers to Support Domestic Infant Formula Production

In a letter to lawmakers, the National Milk Producers Federation urged support for domestic infant formula production as the production shortfalls that stripped store shelves of necessary infant formula have eased. Given the improving situation, tariff waivers that could discourage the production of a safe, secure domestic infant formula supply should be allowed to expire at end of this year as scheduled, NMPF said in the letter to the chairmen and ranking members of the Senate Finance Committee and House Ways and Means Committee.

“Given that the temporary production shortfall that gripped American families in need of formula earlier this year has abated, we urge Congress to ensure that the unique, unilateral tariff benefits granted to our trading partners under the Formula Act and the Bulk Infant Formula to Retail Shelves Act end as scheduled at the close of this year,” said NMPF Chairman and CEO Jim Mulhern in the letter, dated Nov. 17. “We respectfully request your opposition to any effort to extend these preferential tariff benefits beyond the end of this year.”

A strong, diversely sourced domestic infant formula production industry ensures the highest quality, safest products while supporting rural jobs and domestic producers.  



Ethanol Is Making It More Affordable for Families to Get Together This Thanksgiving

After COVID disrupted holiday plans for millions of Americans in 2020 and 2021, families are looking forward to gathering for Thanksgiving and resuming their pre-pandemic traditions this year. AAA predicts that 54.6 million people will travel 50 miles or more from home for the holiday, approximately 90% of them by car. Given that retail gasoline prices hit a record $5 per gallon this summer and current gas prices are $0.30-0.40 per gallon above year-ago levels, travel costs remain a primary concern.

The good news is that ethanol is helping save consumers money this holiday season, as it has been doing all year. In fact, analysis by the Renewable Fuels Association suggests that the presence of ethanol in our nation’s gasoline is expected to save Thanksgiving travelers nearly $140 million on gasoline purchases over the long holiday weekend.

Based on the most recent monthly data, E10, a 10% ethanol blend that is prevalent at gas stations nationwide, is saving drivers $0.32 per gallon at the pump. [2] The discount has averaged $0.23 per gallon since January—on pace to reduce Americans’ spending on gasoline by $34 billion, or $240 per household, for the year as a whole.

The discount is even greater for E15, a 15% ethanol blend that is approved for more than 95% of the cars and trucks on the road today. According to E15prices.com, the national average retail price of E15 has been $0.35 per gallon less than E10 this year (the differential stood at $0.38 on November 16). If E15 were adopted nationwide, it would reduce household spending on gasoline by $47 billion this year, or almost $370 per household. And, as recently noted by EIA, E15 helped keep a lid on pump prices in the summer of 2022, as the market faced tight fuel supplies and record-high prices.

There are many things for which Americans can be thankful at this time of year—one of those is ethanol, which lowers prices at the pump and is better for the environment. The U.S. ethanol industry is proud to help make it more affordable for families to gather together for Thanksgiving this year.



NCBA and PLC Denounce ESA Listing of Lesser Prairie Chicken

Today, the National Cattlemen’s Beef Association (NCBA) and the Public Lands Council (PLC) announced their opposition to the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service’s (FWS) final rule to list the lesser prairie chicken under the Endangered Species Act.

“Over and over the science has proven that healthy, diverse rangelands – the exact kind of landscape maintained by livestock grazing – are where the lesser prairie chicken thrives. Cattle ranchers’ efforts to conserve these acres are absolutely critical to the survival of the species,” said NCBA Executive Director of Natural Resources and Public Lands Council Executive Director Kaitlynn Glover. “We are deeply disappointed by the Fish and Wildlife Service’s decision to impose redundant bureaucracy and punitive restrictions on the very same people that we have to thank for the lesser prairie chicken’s continued existence on the range.”

To make matters worse, the Service is also establishing a 4(d) rule for the Northern DPS that enables them to appoint private third parties – such as environmental activist groups – as the grazing authorities in the range of the LPC. FWS has stipulated that cattle producers in the Northern DPS range will only qualify for legal protection under the 4(d) rule if they are following a grazing management plan that has obtained arbitrary approval from a yet-to-be-named, FWS-approved third party. By contrast, other agricultural practices that are listed as key factors in the Service’s decision are granted far more flexibility.

Designing a third-party verification system to empower distant bureaucrats over land managers and ranchers with decades of experience, with parameters that blatantly prioritize political objectives over sound science, effectively ensures that the only use of the 4(d) rule will be to obstruct grazing activities.

The rule establishes two Distinct Population Segments (DPS) for the species: the Southern DPS that covers New Mexico and the southwest Texas panhandle, and the Northern DPS that covers southeastern Colorado, Kansas, Oklahoma, and the northeast Texas panhandle. The Southern DPS will be listed as endangered and the Northern DPS will be listed as threatened. The final rule does not include any critical habitat designation. Cattle grazing provides immense benefit by conserving the very habitat the species needs to thrive. These birds favor diverse rangeland with a variety of plant species rather than uniform grasslands or cropland.

“To truly support lesser prairie chicken habitat, the Fish and Wildlife Service should make it easier for ranchers to graze, not harder,” said Glover.